Organizational Behavior Analysis of Pluto Telecommunications

Organizational Behavior Analysis of Pluto Telecommunications Introduction The telecommunications industry has experienced a number of transformations and restructurings in recent years, and the companies that have survived are faced with a broad range of challenges in their operating environments today. Although every telecommunications corporation is unique in some way, and every operating environment is likewise different, it is possible to discern some organizational behaviors from recent reports of firms competing in this industry, at least in a general fashion. To this end, this paper provides an organizational behavior evaluation of a representative company, Pluto Telecommunications, including a brief corporate history and overview, an analysis of the companys corporate culture, and a discussion concerning how recent trends in the telecommunications industry will likely affect Pluto Telecommunications in the future. Finally, a summary of the research and important findings are presented in the conclusion. Review and Analysis Corporate History and Overview Founded in 1995 with headquarters in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Pluto Telecommunications is a mid-size telecommunications company offering its customers a broad range of solutions for personal, business and educational applications. At present, Pluto Telecommunications has 173 employees remaining after a recent downsizing initiative, an alternative that have been commonplace in the industry in recent years.Show MoreRelatedPluto Telecommunications Essay2351 Words   |  10 PagesThis text critically examines organizational behavior in Pluto Telecommunications through analysis of the relationship among the job design, motivation, structural form and the work culture. The Managing Director of Pluto Telecommunication came to understanding that the three departments within the organization: Sales, Marketing and Customer Service    do not communicate with each other which have a direct    negative impact on the company’s performance. Further investi gations show that the three departmentsRead MoreThe Organizational Structure And Behavior At Pluto Telecommunications2212 Words   |  9 Pagesexamines the organizational structure and behaviour at Pluto Telecommunications. Through an analysis of the relationship among the job design, motivation, structural form and the work culture the paper aims to suggest a plan of action to rectify the challenges. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION The case does not delve into specific factors and rather talks about the various departmental cultures and motivators. The company’s growth strategy is disconnected from the organizational strategy and communications

The Life And Times Of Scott Fitzgerald - 764 Words

The Life and Times of Scott Fitzgerald How did Fitzgerald’s life and the time period influence his writing? The mastermind behind one of America s greatest and most revolutionary pieces of literature had a humble beginning. He was born on September 24, 1896 to Mary and Edward Fitzgerald of St. Paul Minnesota. As a child, the family moved back and forth between Buffalo and Syracuse New York, they were dependent on his fathers minimum wage jobs. Scott’s first piece of writing, a detective story, was printed in the school newspaper at age thirteen. After he graduated from highschool he choose to attend Princeton University for his higher education. However, during World War Two, to serve his country and prove his patriotism he dropped out and joined the United States Army. Fitzgerald became fearful that he would perish during the war and hastily composed a short story. The Romantic Egotist however, was not a success but the publisher encouraged him to continue to write more. During training for the army, Fitzgerald met Zelda Sayre. He fell in love with her, however she was descended from an upper class family and would not accept a mere poor man’s love. World War Two was ended before he was deployed and Fitzgerald moved to New York to launch an impressive advertising career in order to entice Zelda to marry him. He soon abandoned his job and moved back to St. Paul to re work his failed novel. Eventually he came out with This Side of Paradise. The book turned into aShow MoreRelatedThe Life And Times Of Scott Fitzgerald766 Words   |  4 PagesThe Life and Times of Scott Fitzgerald How did Fitzgerald’s life and the time period influence his writing? The mastermind behind one of America s best and most revolutionary pieces of literature had a humble beginning. He was born on September 24, 1896 to Mary and Edward Fitzgerald of St. Paul Minnesota. As a child, the family moved back and forth between Buffalo and Syracuse New York, they were dependent on his fathers’ minimum wage jobs. Scott’s first piece of writing, a detective story, wasRead MoreThe Life and Times of a Philosopher of Flappers Essay696 Words   |  3 PagesThe Roaring Twenties was a time renowned for partying, drinking, and a time without war. F. Scott Fitzgerald is just one of the many writers during this time to write about such times. Fitzgerald, however, is an author that defined this era also known as the Jazz Age. Known for novels such as The Great Gatsby, This Side of Paradise, and The Beautiful and the Damned, and many short stories, Fitzgerald is described by famousauthors.org as â€Å"one of the greatest writers American soil has produced i n theRead MoreAmerican Idealism in F. Scoot Fitzgerald ´s The Great Gatsby847 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Gatsby is in modern times the central artistic expression of the American experience.† According to Ross MacDonald, F. Scott Fitzgerald’s book, The Great Gatsby, was about â€Å"American idealism destroyed by American greed†. (Thompson p.152) This theme of a misinterpreted American Dream was portrayed throughout what is said to be one of Fitzgerald’s most influential works, The Great Gatsby. Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was born in the great capital of Saint Paul, Minnesota. Born into an upper middleRead MoreThe American Dream in The Great Gatsby and This Side of Paradise1382 Words   |  6 PagesFrances Scott Fitzgerald was born on September 24th, 1896 in St. Paul Minnesota and died of a heart attack in an apartment in Hollywood on December 21st, 1940. Throughout his career, Fitzgerald wrote many works, traveled the world, and served in the United States Army. F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote mostly short stories but became famous because of his novel This Side of Paradise and became even more famous because of The Great Gatsby which was released in 1925. The time period in which Fitzgerald livedRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgeralds American Dream Essay1643 Words   |  7 Pageswould never be so happy again.†(Fitzgerald). F. Scott Fitzgerald was born on September 24, 1896 in St. Paul, Minnesota, into a very prestigious, catholic family. Edward, his father, was from Maryland, and had a strong allegiance to the Old South and its values. Fitzgerald’s mother, Mary, was the daughter of an Irish immigrant who became wealthy as a wholesale grocer in St. Paul. His upbringing, affected much of his writing career. Half the time F. Scott Fitzgerald thought of himself as the â€Å"heirRead MoreThe Great Gatsby Love Analysis957 Words   |  4 Pagesclassic story of The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald shows multiple times that real love does not exist in the world. In the classical story by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he shows many affairs go on in the story and that their is fake love in the world. When this story was written it was coincidentally similar to his actual real life. The characters life and problems were very similar to what was going on in his life. In the book of Horst H. Kruse called F.Scott Fitzgerald at Work: The Making of The GreatRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald. You Wouldn’T Think That A Poor Student874 Words   |  4 PagesF. Scott Fitz gerald You wouldn’t think that a poor student and terrible speller would be one of the best american authors in history, but there was something different about this man. Francis Scott Fitzgerald was one of the most unique american authors in a variety of different ways. F. Scott Fitzgerald summed up a crucial era in our own world. Not only did he write 15 astonishing books, but one of them is often required to read in high school or college to this day (The Great Gatsby). He had aRead MoreAn Interview with F. Scott Fitzgerald964 Words   |  4 PagesDailyTimes Newspaper F Scott Fitzgerald has been one of the most recognizable authors out there today. Many people admire his work, but he’s hard to catch and follow due to his busy schedule and personal lifestyle being an alcoholic. On the 19th of November 1925 I was given a chance to meet up with F. Scott Fitzgerald, to discuss about the eminent novel written by him â€Å"The Great Gatsby† at his house in Los Angeles. The books about a poor turned wealthy man, Gatsby and his attempt on getting hisRead MoreAnalysis Of Babylon Revisited By F. Scott Fitzgerald1240 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican culture from across several years. F. Scott Fitzgerald, author of Babylon Revisited, succeeds in framing what American culture was in the 1920s as well as the early 1930s. The story exposes the two cultures through the protagonist Charlie Wales, a business man who â€Å"got lucky in the market.† In the story, Charlie’s lifestyle is shown as one of luxury and excess which defines the era before the Great Depression known as the â€Å"Roaring Twenties†. As Fitzgerald unravels the narrative, he creates a settingRead MoreThe Great Gatsby : An American Nightmare1226 Words   |  5 Pagesnot. The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, presents the issue in pursuing the impossible: the American Dream. A dream in which all are â€Å"able to attain to the fullest stature of which they are innately capable† (Adams 215). Unfortunately, the latter does not hold true. In Fitzgerald’s own endeavour to lead a successful life, his professional advances conflicted with his ability to maintain a healthy relationship with his wife. Regardless of his abilities, Fitzgerald would not have ever been able

Chained A Contracts Financial Accelerators -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Chained A Contracts Financial Accelerators? Answer: Introduction The report is prepared to focus on the major concepts of globalization and international business considering various business organizations present in Australia. The topic will illustrate the globalization concept in details and evaluate the ways by which international business can be managed. The focus though will be on how the globalization can create an impact on the international business and furthermore allow the companies to sustain in the competitive business environment in the future (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2012). Concept of globalization The concept of globalization is actually the changes done for managing business globally and moving beyond boundaries, i.e., from the self contained nations to a more competitive business environment. The changes managed by a business help in operating in the home country as well as in the foreign countries by penetrating the foreign market segments and allowing to fulfill the needs and requirements of more people worldwide. There are two types of impacts created by globalization including the market globalization and production globalization. The market globalization allowed for overcoming the barriers and managed selling of products and services outside the home country (Baylis, Owens Smith, 2017). The lower tariffs would keep the prices of products and services lowered, which could also overcome the restrictions of cross border trade activities and maintain good cultural aspects too. Cultural differences could be a major barrier, so it must be overcome as well to enter the foreig n markets and respect the cultures for developing useful marketing strategies. This would deliver proper marketing messages to target the most important foreign market segments and ensure that the products and services were delivered properly to the customer (Wild, Wild Han, 2014). Many business organizations in Australia have managed trade relations with other countries through reduction of costs incurred during the transportation and communication activities. The communication process is facilitated as well as the barriers to flow of goods and services have been reduced largely to manage international business. Globalization considers the changes in economic, social, cultural, political, technological factors to manage businesses across borders and this enhanced the profit level of the companies by driving the sales through acquisition of more customers (Kumar, Mudambi Gray, 2013). Importance of international business The international business management is a slightly different concept than that of globalization, were trade related barriers resulting due to cultural differences are overcome. International business is managed by popular companies in Australia like Woolworths, Coles, etc. by involving exporting the products and services to other countries, managing the licensing procedures and even working as joint ventures. Few organisatons within the food and retail sector like McDonalds has also opened new branches for managing the production and distribution of products and services in the international markets and ensured proper managerial services provided t the companies present in the host country. The international business brings immense benefits for the business organizations like large scale operations are conducted along with integration of economies with many countries all over the world (Piekkari, Welch Welch, 2014). The cultures of different places are understood and adapted too, w hich creates enough scopes and opportunities for the organisation to sustain in the competitive business environment. One of the major benefits is the large scale operations managed during the international business, which allows for enhancing the marketing and production capabilities too. The goods and services are produced in large numbers, while the surplus is exported to the outside countries for gaining more customers and increased sales revenue in business. The international business management integrates the global economies and the financial and human resources of one country are used for another country. The international business management has also benefited the participating countries through rapid advancement in technological aspects and industrialization (Trudgen Freeman, 2014). It has not only improved the sales revenue but also has resulted in the growth in economy of the country as well. The science and technology have been facilitated with the international business management and this has enhanced the production level and ensured successful global business. International business creates certain issues as well including restrictions during the inward and outward flow of cash, technological components and products. The Government and regulatory bodies also prevent international business management by creating trade blocks, putting restrictions on foreign exchange rates, which can degrade the business performance globally. Due to the sensitive nature of the international business, it is important to conduct market researches and identify the changes that are needed to be done and adapted to (Deresky, 2017). Impact of globalization on international business The globalization has created huge impact on the management of international business for the Australian companies. The international business involves various business activities that have been managed across the international borders to draw in more customers and enhance the profit level of the organisation. Globalization has often created problems not only for the business but also kept the staffs of the organizations unsatisfied by paying lower wages and putting more migrants in the poor countries. The lower rate of interest and inflation rate also could be a major problem despite the growth and success in business from the global business perspective (Ueda, 2012). By enabling globalization, investments are done on a rapid scale to enter the foreign markets, which can improve the growth in economy of the country as well. The globalization also impacts the business organizations by improving the capabilities and exposing the companies to the global forces related to the supply and demands in the international markets. Not only the business is impacted, but also the various stakeholders involved in business are also affected. The business organizations, if do not adapt to the global factors, will face difficulty in managing international business and even struggle to survive in the global competitive business environment with ease and effectiveness. Coping up with the changes in global circumstances could help in transforming the global opportunities into useful strategies to controlling the environmental threats and ensure successful business functioning (Wild, Wild Han, 2014). There are multiple positive effects created on the international business that have resulted from globalization. The production of products and services has improved in various markets all over the world and allowed the companies to gain accessibility to the foreign products and services delivered to the customers (Savrul, Incekara Sener, 2014). With the globalization creating positive impact on the international business, financial markets from all over the world have emerged, which has created enough scopes for managing external financing and could keep the shareholders who made investments for managing the international business satisfied as well. The global markets have been studied with ease and the freedom for exchanging capital and goods is measured as well. Political globalization is enabled by managing good relationships between the nations where the business is expanded to guarantee successful international business (Kose, Otrok Prasad, 2012). The cultures of different pl aces where the business is done have been understood, which has allowed the customers in that place to enjoy the new foreign products that have been exported to the respective countries. With the international cooperation arising due to the international business management facilitated by globalization, the environmental challenges could be handled properly like changes in climatic conditions and prevention of cross boundary air and water pollution too. Industrialization would be possible along with better transportation facilities, which could even reduce the travelling time and transportation costs (Gabrielsson Gabrielsson, 2013). International business and globalization future Foreign direct investments made could bring enormous benefits for the host country with advancement in technologies, providing more employment opportunities to people and enhancing the income level of the workers too. FDI also transferred technology from the developed country to the countries that are developing in the recent period. Training would also be provided to the local workers for making them obtain the skills, knowledge and expertise to perform within the global business environment and perform to their potential. This would improve the management skills as well as improve the performance of the companies that are expected to expand business globally, furthermore contribute to the growth in economy of the host country too (Liang, Ren Sun, 2015). It would be easy to become accustomed with the culture of a different nation, which could enable good communication style and furthermore improve the production and delivery of products and services in the foreign markets in the fu ture. The international business has transformed the entire way by which business is conducted and it has created a positive impact on the globalization too (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2012). Conclusion The report focused on the different aspects of globalization and its impact on the international business. The globalization helped many companies in Australia to start international business with ease and even allowed to enter foreign markets to attract more customers and generate better sales revenue. This could allow the companies to gain competitive advantage in business as well as manage good trade relations between the two nations, furthermore would contribute to the growth in economy of the host country. The impact of globalization had been huge because it brought people and businesses together and even contributed to the growth in economy of the countries where the businesses were managed globally. The merchandise and service related industries were hugely benefitted based on the international business transactions that helped the company to stay ahead in the competition within the foreign market conditions. The international brands like McDonalds, Coca Cola and other compani es were highly benefited with the globalizations impact on the management of international business too. References Baylis, J., Owens, P., Smith, S. (Eds.). (2017).The globalization of world politics: an introduction to international relations. Oxford University Press. Deresky, H. (2017).International management: Managing across borders and cultures. Pearson Education India. Gabrielsson, P., Gabrielsson, M. (2013). A dynamic model of growth phases and survival in international business-to-business new ventures: The moderating effect of decision-making logic.Industrial Marketing Management,42(8), 1357-1373. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Hoskisson, R. E. (2012).Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning. Kose, M. A., Otrok, C., Prasad, E. (2012). Global business cycles: convergence or decoupling?.International Economic Review,53(2), 511-538. Kumar, V., Mudambi, R., Gray, S. (2013). Internationalization, innovation and institutions: the 3 I's underpinning the competitiveness of emerging market firms.Journal of International Management,19(3), 203-206. Liang, H., Ren, B., Sun, S. L. (2015). An anatomy of state control in the globalization of state-owned enterprises.Journal of International Business Studies,46(2), 223-240. Piekkari, R., Welch, D., Welch, L. S. (2014).Language in international business: The multilingual reality of global business expansion. Edward Elgar Publishing. Savrul, M., Incekara, A., Sener, S. (2014). The potential of e-commerce for SMEs in a globalizing business environment. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 35-45. Trudgen, R., Freeman, S. (2014). Measuring the performance of born-global firms throughout their development process: The roles of initial market selection and internationalisation speed.Management International Review,54(4), 551-579. Ueda, K. (2012). Banking globalization and international business cycles: Cross-border chained credit contracts and financial accelerators.Journal of international Economics,86(1), 1-16. Wild, J. J., Wild, K. L., Han, J. C. (2014).International business. Pearson Education Limited.

Survival Of The Stingray Essays - Dasyatis, Venomous Fish

Survival of the Stingray Imagine yourself 150,000 years in the future. Another ice age is in full force. Temperatures are much colder, vegetation has ceased to exist, along with several entire animal species. The lion, once the king of the jungle, is no more than an alley cat scavenging for food. The great white shark- reduced to the size of goldfish. A new predator is on the prowl. The stingray, once limited to shallow, sandy beaches, has evolved! With it's new adaptations the power of the stingray is unfurled, free to roam in the wide expanse of sea, air, and land. Many advantages have evolved in the once conservative stingray. From the large size of the present day animal, the stingray has been reduced in size and weight from an average of 12 feet, 60 pounds to 3 feet, 15 pounds to provide from speed, stealth, and agility. The broad flattened pectoral fins have grown a protective hard scale resistant to the hardest of an enemy's teeth, along with the secretion of a special enzyme that causes pain and damage along with a bitter taste to avoid being eaten. It's powerful tail has been lengthened to provide offensive coverage in a 360 degree area. Along with the sharp, barbed spines and deadly poisonous glands, the stingray is now an formidable opponent. With the decrease in food supply, the stingray has adapted with his environment. Formerly a sole marine animal, a stingray's diet has now included the usual fish and crustaceans to birds and small rodents. To achieve this new source of food, the stingray now has the capability to move on land in the form of a speedy slithering such as a snake might move. A set of lungs accompany this adaptation enabling the stingray to breathe on land as well as water. In addition to land and sea, if a stingray should swim swiftly to the surface and break out high above, his new capability to glide would take effect. With a limit of a few minutes the stingray cannot sustain continued flight. He would be able to act as a scavenger stealing away kills from other predators and returning to the murky depths. The bland coloring of his skin enables him to hide from the predators as his skin reflects off the colors surrounding his environment. In a land surrounded by ice and water, a hard nose tooth, similar to a tusk, has grown to allow the stingray to break into crevices where urchins and such may be hiding. This also enables him to use the tooth as a weapon against invaders. In the harsh conditions of this new ice age, the stingray has evolved a number of advantages that should ensure their life span of their species well into the future.

buy custom Development of Information Systems essay

buy custom Development of Information Systems essay This paper seeks to establish the development of information systems for the enterprise and their future direction. Information systems are a field that keeps on changing with time and invention of better working tools and, therefore; most enterprises have to follow the change and create a way to accommodate these changes. In this paper, we are going to look at these developments and the direction they are likely to take in the future. This is because any development in the information system will call for more innovations in the elements of information systems. In addition, the paper will consider the needs of the enterprise of many sizes and its future opportunities. Enterprises come in different categories depending on the size and operations. Enterprises in the current world are facing considerable challenges from diverse changes making the traditional enterprise information system be out of date. The timely reaction to market changes has turned out to be the competitive advantag e. Information system refers to the grouping of software, hardware, infrastructure and trained personnel organised to make possible the control, planning, decision-making, and coordination in an organisation. On the other hand, an enterprise refers to a company or a business. The development of information systems is a procedure that involves several steps and the paper will outline these steps. In an enterprise, there exist several relationships between information systems and changes in the enterprise, both within and across firms, which affect the development of information systems. The development in information systems gains exceptional attention as it influences the organisational changes. When analysing the development of information systems we will consider the software, hardware, infrastructure, and trained personnel in line with the enterprises plan, control, coordination, and decision-making. The development of information systems varies with the nature of enterprise and its needs. Different enterprises have varied needs and the change in information system will be in line with these needs. It is, therefore, indispensable for anyone planning to develop an information system of any company or business to consider the nature of enterprise they are dealing with and its needs. There are different types of enterprises including a sole proprietorship, partnership, companies, and corporations. The above types of enterprises have some differences in their ownership, management, liability, amount of capital and their legality. For instance, the sole proprietorship enterprise is whereby the ownership is by one person and so is the management while, for partnership, the management and ownership of the enterprise is by two or more persons. On the other hand, the categorisation of enterprises can be in the form of how the enterprise operates. Examples include Independent enterprises, Competitive enterprises, Supplementary enterprises, and Complementary enterprises. Independent enterprises have no direct bearing on each other an increase in degree of one another neither help nor hinders the level of the other. Competitive enterprises are those, which contend for the available resources while supplementary enterprises are the ones, which can supplement each other. These differences in the different categories of enterprises result in them having different needs, which in turn will call for varied information systems (Kirikova, 2002, p.40). The needs of a corporation will not be the same as those of the partnership business and, therefore; they will have different information systems. We define the development of information system as the change procedure taken with respect to object systems in a set of surroundings by a development group using an organized collection of techniques and tools known as a method to attain or maintain some objectives. The process of development of information system include improvement of both computerized and manual parts of an object system. In the definition of Information System, we see that it includes both computer- supported parts and manual. It is, therefore, essential that the development of information system involve a technique and a method. By a technique, we refer to the set of rules and steps, which characterize how a symbolization of an information system is derived and handled. This is usually by the use of some theoretical structure and related notations. By employing, the technique-procedure system developers observe, define and correspond on certain features of the present or wished object system. Definition and sym bolization of these contexts is by the theoretical structure of the technique and the notation respectively. The tool in use while applying the technique process means a computer- based application, which sustains the use of a modelling technique. Here, there is the abstraction of an object system into replicas, checking that the replicas are dependable, switching results from one form of replica and representation to another, and giving specifications for re-examination. The major examples of modelling techniques are activity models and data flow diagrams. In the case of data flow diagram, it identifies and names the objects and relationships, which it finds necessary in developing an information system. For other techniques, they will involve other sets of relationships and objects in development of information system. Modelling techniques have a representation and a notation. For example, in a data flow diagram the notation for a procedure is circular and for a data flow a concrete line with an arrowhead (Prabhu, Kumara, and Kamath, 2003, p 67). On the other hand, a method is an organized and predefined collection rules and techniques that state what order, by whom, and in what means the techniques are applied to attain or sustain some objectives. This definition includes both the process and product contexts and, therefore, insists on the procedure rather than the representation. The next section we look at the needs of the enterprise of many sizes. In the earlier discussion, the paper analyzed the different classifications of enterprises and, therefore, these enterprises will have varied needs when it comes to system development. We now focus on some of the common needs of the enterprise. For all enterprises, there will be a need for monitoring changes, which involves tracking, changes in businesses, people and industries. In an enterprise, there is the need to know about mergers, emerging risks, people moves, and opportunities and the need to build relationships with new prospects, key customers and business partners. There is the need to link with up with the right people, outlook for new business in any economy, collect intelligence, and measure performance. In addition to the above needs, there is also need to ensure compliance and discover new opportunities from fast-breaking trades. All these needs vary from one enterprise to the other depending on the size and nature of enterprise and in turn determine the development of information systems (Vasilecas, 2005, p 45). In the development of information system, the system developers consider a few steps irrespective of the enterprise. The initial step is of the mission development where missions give the overarching framework for the whole enterprise. The accomplishment of missions by enterprises is by functions and later on refined into database domains. The establishment of all business information systems and database within this enterprise framework makes it work. The second step is the database design, which is built within the enterprise architecture. The basis of database designs is on enterprise-wide data factors, data replicas of concepts, DMBS independent models, and lastly DBMS dependant models. This will ensure total metadata re-use, semantic harmonization, and data interoperability. The following step is prototype generation. Prototypes are usually set in the enterprise architecture and through the generation of these prototypes maximum efforts can be spent on getting a whole set of requirements. Following this step is the specification evolution stage, which is critical as it allows the full set of requirements to be teased out. By using the information system generators, the capability to progress from iteration to the other is straightforward, and one can achieve this in hours. Another major step in the development of information system is the request for proposals. This refers to a formal specification of what the enterprise desires to implement. The document should have all the prototype and metadata described in the earlier stages (Giachetti, 2010, p.12). The document should show the evolution, methods of development, evaluation methods, and monitoring methods of the development of information systems. In the development of information, system, there is the proposal evaluation. This is the process of determining how well, when, costs the development of an information system will require. This stage produces an understanding in regards to the implementation procedure, costs, schedules, reviews, and deliverables. The final stages involve the awarding of contracts, contractor management and conformance testing. So what is the later direction of the development of information systems? The future direction of the development of information systems in dependant on the progress of enterprises, their needs, and innovations in regards to elements of information systems. Different enterprises keep changing in terms of their needs as the enterprises grow and these will in turn affect the information system they use in running their businesses. For instance, a sole trader will change to a company and will, therefore, have to change the information system it was using. This means that the future direction of development of information systems will grow to accommodate these changes and growing needs of the enterprises. With the growing industries, the enterprises have many opportunities of expanding so accommodate the growing demand from the market. In addition, the technology world is rapidly growing, and it is necessary that the enterprises change to contain this change. The software, hardware and other elements of information system will change with time and the enterpri se will need to update these changes in order to ensure efficiency of their services and products. The advancement of these elements of information systems will in turn lead to further development of information systems (Filipe and Cordeiro, 2011, p.63). In the above discussion, we have information on the definition of development of information system in relation to enterprises. The paper looked at the tools and methods applicable in the development of system development, which includes methods and techniques. To understand the development of information systems the paper gave more information on the types of enterprises and their needs. It is evident from the discussion that the needs of an enterprise vary from one enterprise to the other, which makes them need varied information systems. We also analysed the steps system developers undertake in the development of information systems. Information system as a field is a wide field, which keeps on growing and changing with time. The more the innovations the more the field of information systems keeps on changing. This makes the enterprises change their information systems with time to meet their growing needs and demands. For example, when a partnership business enterprise increases its number of key customers it will need to acquire new and better elements of information systems to contain the change. 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Phoneme vs Minimum Pair in English Phonetics

Phoneme vs Minimum Pair in English Phonetics In phonology and  phonetics, the term minimal pair refers to two words that differ in only one sound,  such as hit and hid. Minimal pairs serve as tools to establish that two (or more) sounds are contrastive. A difference in sound means a difference in meaning, notes  Harriet Joseph Ottenheimer, and thus a minimal pair is the clearest and easiest way to identify phonemes in a language (The Anthropology of Language, 2013). Examples and Observations A minimal pair is a pair of words that differ in a single phoneme. Minimal pairs are often used to show that two sounds contrast in a language. For example, we can demonstrate that [s] and [z] contrast in English by adducing minimal pairs such as sip and zip, or bus and buzz. Since the only difference in these words is the [s] vs. [z], we conclude that they belong to distinct phonemes. However, a similar test would show that [a:j] and [Aj] are distinct phonemes in English, since writer and rider appear to be minimal pairs distinguished in their second elements, not their fourth.We looked!Then we saw him step in onthe mat!We looked!And we saw him!The Cat in the Hat!Cheers and Jeers is an activity that provides an opportunity to use music and humor to relax and release tension.Lit Up/Let DownThe learner has to identify medial or final plosives in isolated words and in sentences where either member of a minimal pair would fit in naturally. For example: Do you repair clocks/clogs? Unless someone like you cares a whole awful lot, nothing is going to get better. Its not.The US Coast Guard had 125-foot cutters and eight 765-foot long patrol boats. By the late 1920s, forty-five vessels operated out of this local base with some parking at the pier, as can be seen in a postcard.The role of the sympathetic nervous system is to prepare the body for emergencies, commonly known as  fright, flight and  fight  reactions. Word Position and Context [T]he only way we can create a minimal pair with reference to the two sounds involved is to put them in exactly the same environment in terms of word position and the surrounding context, To clarify further,  the pair: jail–Yale shows the contrast between  /dÊ’/ and /j/ in initial position, budge–buzz focuses on the contrast between /dÊ’/ and /z/ in final position, while witch–wish contrasts  /t∠«/ and /ÊÆ'/ in final position. It should be noted that minimal pairs include forms that have different spellings, as evidenced in  jail–Yale. Near Minimal Pairs [S]ometimes it is not possible to find perfect minimal pairs differentiated by only a single sound for every phoneme. Sometimes it is necessary to settle for near minimal pairs ...  [P]leasure and leather qualify as a near minimal pair, since the sounds immediately adjacent to the target sounds, [à °] and [Ê’], are the same in both words: [É›] before the target sound and [É ¹] after it. Like minimal pairs, near  minimal pairs are usually sufficient to demonstrate that two sounds are separate phonemes in a language. Sources: Matthew Gordon, Phonology: Organization of Speech Sounds.  How Languages Work: An Introduction to Language and Linguistics, ed. by  Carol Genetti. Cambridge University Press, 2014James Alasdair McGilvray, The Cambridge Companion to Chomsky. Cambridge University Press, 2005Dr. Seuss, The Cat in  the Hat, 1957Edie L. Holcomb, Getting Excited About Data. Corwin Press, 2004Album by the band Vains of Jenna, 2006Inge Livbjerg and Inger M. Mees, Segmental Errors in the Pronunciation of Danish Speakers of English, 1995Dr. Seuss, The Lorax, 1972A. Wynelle Deese, St. Petersburg, Florida. The History Press, 2006Neil Moonie, Advanced Health and Social Care, 3rd ed. Heinemann, 2000Mehmet Yavas, Applied English Phonology, 2nd ed. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011

Critique an article from a published text Essay

Critique an article from a published text - Essay Example n countries and other countries, Claire Cameron wrote an article entitled ‘Social Pedagogy and Care: Danish and German Practice in Young People’s Residential Care’ which conducted an ethnographic study of social pedagogy as well as residential care in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, and the Netherlands in order to examine the actual practice and its relationship with the provision of care in England. For this study, the researcher will make some critiques over the Cameron’s statements in the article. According to Cameron (2004), the concept of social pedagogy which focus on training and practice of social work within the residential care for children and young people is not clearly understood in UK.3 Contrary to her statement in this particular article, there are several schools in UK that is currently promoting the importance of social pedagogy in Europe’s residential care for children. In fact, looking after the children’s welfare is already a part of the main goal of UK social policy.4 The article states that social pedagogy approach in Denmark and Germany is conducted by providing the staff member of residential care homes with proper actual trainings; whereas social pedagogy approach in England is being extended to social workers through formal education in schools.5 According to Petrie et al. (2005), the term ‘pedagogy’ in England is not often used except in classrooms and formal education.6 Instead of using the word pedagogy, English people use words like childcare and early years, youth work, residential care and play work to describe a similar context or idea. Both approaches to social pedagogy should be accepted in the sense that the learners could learn the appropriate theories behind social pedagogy within a formal educational setting as well as providing the learners an actual learning experience through an on-the-spot training programs to social care workers who are directly handling children within the residential care